Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have developed a novel method for the surgical implantation of deep brain stimulation (DBS) leads to treat paralysis of upper-limb and facial muscles, which cause speech motor deficits. This approach targets the proprioceptive areas of the thalamus to enhance motor cortex excitability, leading to improved motor control and speech recovery in patients with conditions such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, and ALS.
Description
This innovative method involves the precise surgical implantation of DBS leads within the thalamus to deliver electrical or other forms of neurostimulation. The stimulation targets the proprioceptive regions of the thalamus, which send excitatory signals to the premotor and motor cortices. The system uses a dual approach, combining cortical motor area stimulation with thalamic stimulation to induce motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in specific muscles. The optimal thalamic nucleus for stimulation is selected based on the enhanced amplitude of MEPs, ensuring personalized and effective treatment.
Applications
- Treatment of upper-limb and facial muscle paralysis
- Stroke rehabilitation
- ALS management
- Traumatic brain injury recovery
- Speech motor deficit treatment
Advantages
This technology provides a targeted and effective treatment for motor deficits and paralysis, enhancing hemocompatibility and reducing thrombosis in indwelling endovascular devices. It offers a personalized approach by selecting the optimal thalamic nucleus for each patient, leading to significant improvements in motor control and speech. The system's ability to provide continuous and phased stimulation further enhances its therapeutic potential.
Invention Readiness
The system has been tested in vivo, demonstrating its potential for clinical application. The stimulation parameters include charge balanced pulses with widths ranging from 100 microseconds to 2 milliseconds, a frequency between 1 Hz and 1 kHz, and a cathodic amplitude of 0 to 10 mA. Muscle activity is monitored and recorded using surface electromyography sensors to capture MEPs.
IP Status
Patent pending
