Near Real-Time Composite Pulmonary Vascular Impedance Software

University of Pittsburgh researchers have developed a new software tool for calculating and interpreting the pulmonary vascular impedance (PVZ) spectrum, a critical metric for characterizing the full afterload faced by the right ventricle (RV). This software leverages clinically available asynchronous pressure and Doppler velocity captures to produce near real-time impedance measurements. Unlike current methods that only report the steady component of the afterload, this innovation provides a comprehensive view of both the steady and pulsatile components, enhancing clinical decision-making and research in cardiovascular medicine.

Description

The software uses semi-automated steps to calculate PVZ by applying a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to pressure and flow waveforms obtained during standard care echocardiography and right heart catheterization. This process enables the computation and display of impedance spectra in the frequency domain, providing a detailed analysis of the right ventricle's load conditions. The software is fully graphical, resembling existing cardiac catheterization systems, allowing clinicians to visualize and interpret the PVZ spectra and related parameters in real time. Key parameters, such as total pulmonary resistance (TPR), stiffness, and characteristic impedance, are derived from the spectra and can be exported for further analysis.

Applications

• Assessing right ventricular function
• Monitoring acute changes in pulmonary vascular load during surgical procedures or drug administration
• Clinical research

Advantages

This software provides a unique, non-invasive method to calculate and interpret pulmonary vascular impedance using data commonly available in clinical practice. It allows for real-time, detailed analysis of both the steady and pulsatile components of afterload, which are critical for understanding the full load faced by the right ventricle. The graphical interface enables easy inclusion and exclusion of data, allowing for quick and flexible decision-making at the bedside. By integrating various impedance parameters, the software offers a comprehensive picture of pulmonary vascular function, potentially improving outcomes in patients with pulmonary hypertension or other cardiovascular conditions.

Invention Readiness

The software is currently in the prototype stage, with proof-of-concept development completed. Initial testing has demonstrated that it can effectively calculate PVZ spectra using asynchronous pressure and Doppler velocity data from standard clinical procedures. The software features semi-automated steps to facilitate ease of use and integration into existing clinical workflows. Future work aims to optimize the software for broader clinical use and to enhance its capabilities for research applications.