Dr. Kun-Che Chang has discovered a growth and differentiation factor, GDF-15, as a novel treatment for posterior capsular opacification (PCO), often referred to as secondary cataracts. GDF-15 can suppress epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) caused by transforming growth factor β2 (TGFβ2) preventing the reformation of cataracts, lens opacity, and vision loss. GDF-15 has the potential to treat PCO, saving the sight of millions of people.
Description
Cataracts impact approximately 94 million people and are the leading cause of blindness worldwide. PCO is the most common postoperative complication after cataract surgery, occurring in up to 50% of cases. PCO results from a wound-healing response that elevates levels of TGFβ in the eye, leading to EMT. TGFβ2, a member of the TGFβ superfamily of proteins regulates EMT through activating Smad2/3. GDF-15 can inhibit this process, prevent EMT from slowing the progression of PCO, and offer treatment options for this debilitating condition.
Applications
- Posterior capsular opacification
- Cataract surgery pre and post operation management
Advantages
Aging and diabetes are both major risk factors for cataracts and the number of people blinded by cataracts is increasing as the population ages. Current treatment for cataracts is surgical removal of the opaque lens and replacement with a synthetic lens. However, disruption of the integrity of the eye during surgery and the associated healing process can lead to the regrowth of residual epithelial cells migrating to the posterior capsule instead of differentiation into normal fiber cells, resulting in PCO. Treatment with laser removal of these unwanted cells can result in side effects including retinal edema and retinal detachment.
GDF-15 can inhibit the underlying biochemical processes that lead to PCO, impeding the SMAD2 phosphorylation and potentially slowing the progression of PCO by prevention of EMT and ultimately inhibiting vision impairment. This discovery could save many patients from multiple surgeries or laser capsulotomy, reducing the risk of side effects.
Invention Readiness
Studies were carried out using TGFβ2 to induce lens opacity in explanted mice lenses as a model for PCO. Pretreatment with GDF-15 significantly attenuated EMT marker expression in these cells. Work is now required to understand the biostability of GDF-15 in the eyes so that preclinical studies can investigate the potential of this therapy.
IP Status
Patent pending
