Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation System for Improving Neurodegenerative Motor Functions
This technology introduces novel epidural spinal cord simulation (eSCS) system to enhance breathing, speech, and swallowing in patients, particularly those suffering from neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases. Unlike current electrotherapeutic approaches like phrenic nerve and diaphragm pacers, which have not demonstrated significant improvements in breathing control or mortality outcomes, this innovative solution delivers precisely controlled electrical stimulation directly to the patient's spinal canal. Furthermore, as neurodegeneration progresses, the efficacy of direct motor stimulation can wane due to the loss of target motor neurons. Other supportive interventions, like CPAP or BiPAP, manage symptoms but do not address the fundamental neurological deficits responsible for impaired motor function.
Description
This eSCS system is designed to improve breathing, speech, and swallowing in patients with neurodegenerative conditions. It consists of implanted electrode leads, typically placed epidurally at cervical or thoracic spinal levels, connected to a pulse generator controlled by a processor. The system delivers precisely adjustable electrical pulses, ranging in intensity, frequency, and pulse width. These biphasic, charge-balanced pulses are often sub-threshold, aiming to restore motoneuron firing output, prolong motoneuron survival, and enhance physiological parameters like tidal volume. It also supports remote monitoring and integration with other treatments. What sets this technology apart is its unique mechanism of action, which relies on indirect sensory afferent stimulation rather than direct motor neuron or muscle activation. Unlike conventional approaches that directly stimulate motor neurons, this system targets dorsal sensory roots and pathways. By delivering sub-threshold stimulation, it selectively activates sensory afferents, leading to trans-synaptic recruitment of motor neurons. This promotes volitional motor activity and neuroplasticity, avoiding the limitations and potential adverse effects of direct motor stimulation. This approach preserves natural motor control patterns and offers a more comprehensive, personalized therapeutic platform for complex neurodegenerative conditions.Applications
• Respiratory function restoration• Speech function enhancement
• Swallowing function improvement
• Sleep apnea treatment
• Treating patients with neurodegenerative diseases
Advantages
• Enhances breathing, speech, and swallowing functions in patients with neurodegenerative disease• Promotes neuroplasticity and preserves motoneuron survival
• Minimizes adverse effects through indirect, sub-threshold stimulation
• Offers personalized and remotely adjustable treatment protocols
• Can be combined with other therapies, including CPAP devices, pharmaceuticals, and/or gene/cell therapies