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Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have developed a new generation of cardiovascular stents with diagnostic capabilities for evaluating in-stent restenosis (ISR) and occlusion in coronary arteries. • Non-invasive monitoring of in-stent restenosis (ISR). These smart stents integrate mechanical metamaterial and nano energy harvesting technologies, enabling early recognition of post-operative stent complications without obstructing blood flow. This includes both pulsed laser patterning for precise engineering of magnetic domains and continuous wave (CW) rapid annealing compatible with continuous in-line processing. Laser processing harnesses rapid heating/cooling rates to induce localized changes in the internal structure of alloys. Pulsed laser patterning enables tailored domain structures, minimizing energy losses and maximizing magnetic efficiency, while CW annealing improves magnetic efficiency and mechanical properties. University of Pittsburgh researchers have developed an innovative additive and subtractive laser-assisted rolling fabrication technique to create mesoporous, compliance-matched, and drug-eluting vascular grafts. These sheets are then laser-cut to introduce mesoporous structures and rolled into tubular grafts. 
