Novel Diagnostic Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease
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In contrast, PSP and CBD brains predominantly contain 4R-tau aggregates. A PET imaging agent designed for the tau found in AD may not be suitable for tau aggregates in PSP and CBD tauopathies. Tau is a protein which plays a vital role in healthy nerve cells.
Identification of 4R-tau using PET could be used as a definitive diagnostic biomarker for 4R-tauopathies and could exclude or indicate clinically similar 3R-tauopathies. University of Pittsburgh and University of Pennsylvania researchers have designed and synthesized a series of substituted–indoles as positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers for use in imaging 4-repeat tau (4R-tau) in non-Alzheimer’s disease (AD) tauopathies. Imaging of 4R-tau will allow for earlier diagnosis of many non-AD tauopathies, support the discovery of therapeutics targeting 4R-tau, and could allow clinicians to monitor treatment progress in patients on anti-tau therapies.
A commercially available buffer was found to streamline sample preparation and improve signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios in an immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) assay. Existing techniques including positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis are both costly and invasive, limiting routine use in clinical and research settings. Research has identified the ratio of plasma Aβ-peptides, Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40, as biomarkers of Aβ plaque formation on the brain.